Beschrijving:
De verticale beweging van de lucht bepaald in hoofdlijnen het weer op een
bepaalde plaats. Stijgende luchtbeweging (negatieve waardes in de kaart)
veroorzaakt meestal bewolking en vaak ook neerslag, terwijl dalende
luchtbeweging (positieve waardes in de kaart) voor oplossende bewolking en
zonnig weer zorgt. Bij zeer sterke verticale luchtbeweging hoort in principe
onweer en zwaar weer. Door de combinatie met vertical 925 kan met zien of
ook in diepere lagen al
forse stijgbeweging optreedt. Bij vermenigvuldiging van de waardes in
(hPa/h) met ongeveer 0.3
krijgt men als resultaat de verticale wind in cm/s. De verticale beweging is
de som van vorticiteits- en temperatuuradvectie. Deze twee kunnen
afzonderlijk groot zijn en elkaar deels of geheel opheffen.
COAMPS:®
The Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS®) has been developed by the Marine Meteorology Division (MMD) of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL). The atmospheric components of COAMPS®, described below, are used operationally by the U.S. Navy for short-term numerical weather prediction for various regions around the world.
The atmospheric portion of COAMPS® represents a complete three-dimensional data assimilation system comprised of data quality control, analysis, initialization, and forecast model components. Features include a globally relocatable grid, user-defined grid resolutions and dimensions, nested grids, an option for idealized or real-time simulations, and code that allows for portability between mainframes and workstations. The nonhydrostatic atmospheric model includes predictive equations for the momentum, the non-dimensional pressure perturbation, the potential temperature, the turbulent kinetic energy, and the mixing ratios of water vapor, clouds, rain, ice, grauple, and snow, and contains advanced parameterizations for boundary layer processes, precipitation, and radiation.
NWP:
Numerical weather prediction uses current weather conditions as input into mathematical models of the atmosphere to predict the weather. Although the first efforts to accomplish this were done in the 1920s, it wasn't until the advent of the computer and computer simulation that it was feasible to do in real-time. Manipulating the huge datasets and performing the complex calculations necessary to do this on a resolution fine enough to make the results useful requires the use of some of the most powerful supercomputers in the world. A number of forecast models, both global and regional in scale, are run to help create forecasts for nations worldwide. Use of model ensemble forecasts helps to define the forecast uncertainty and extend weather forecasting farther into the future than would otherwise be possible.
Wikipedia, Numerical weather prediction,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numerical_weather_prediction(as of Feb. 9, 2010, 20:50 UTC).